Question 1

Large external polysaccharides are degraded by bacteria and archaea using ________ ________,which secrete these substances outside the cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Large external polysaccharides are degraded by bacteria...

Question 2

Nitrification of ammonia occurs when ammonia is first converted to nitrite and then is converted to nitrate by the nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Metabolic pathways can be either catabolic or anabolic but not both.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

How many molecules of NADPH are needed to reduce one molecule of carbon dioxide to carbohydrate by oxygenic phototrophs during the dark reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  3
C)  4
D)  10-12E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 5

Very few gram positive bacteria utilize the Entner-Doudoroff glycolytic pathway.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The catabolism of glucose begins with one or more of the glycolytic pathways that yield pyruvate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When mitochondria pass electrons donated by NADH through the electron transport chain to molecular oxygen,a theoretical maximum of __________ molecules of ATP can be made per oxygen molecule reduced.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When mitochondria pass electrons donated by NADH...

Question 8

Fatty acids are metabolized by the __________ pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha-oxidation
B)  beta-oxidation
C)  gamma-oxidation
D)  delta-oxidationE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Reduction of nitrate to nitrite by Paracoccus denitrificans is an example of anaerobic respiration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The theoretical maximum net gain of ATP per molecule of glucose metabolized aerobically in eukaryotes is

Accepted Answer

A)  2.
B)  32.
C)  38.
D)  85.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

All prokaryotic photosynthesizers are anoxygenic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Bacterial electron transport chains may be comprised of fewer components and have lower P/O ratios than mitochondrial transport chains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi,when coupled with an exergonic chemical reaction is called __________ phosphorylation.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemiosmotic
B)  oxidative
C)  substrate-level
D)  conformational changeE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

The net gain of ATP per molecule of glucose metabolized anaerobically via the Embden-Meyerhoff pathway in prokaryotes is

Accepted Answer

A)  2.
B)  36.
C)  38.
D)  85.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

During breakdown of fatty acids,carbons are removed __________ at a time with each turn of the cycle,and two carbon units are released as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  one; carbon dioxide
B)  one; methane
C)  two; acetyl-CoA
D)  two; ethanolE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT true regarding ATP synthases?

Accepted Answer

A)  They require proton motive force to make ATP.
B)  They span the inner membrane of mitochondria.
C)  The proton flow is outward during ATP synthesis.
D)  The subunits of ATP synthase undergo conformational changes during ATP production.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

How many molecules of ATP are needed to reduce one molecule of carbon dioxide to carbohydrate by oxygenic phototrophs during the dark reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  3
C)  4
D)  10-12E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

In higher eukaryotes,most aerobically generated ATP is produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis.
B)  the TCA cycle.
C)  a membrane bound proton translocating ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation.
D)  all of these generate equal amounts of ATP.ASME) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Organisms that directly reduce almost all of their pyruvate to lactate are called __________ fermenters.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Organisms that directly reduce almost all of...

Question 20

Organisms that form lactate,ethanol,and CO2 as end products of glucose metabolism are called __________ fermenters.

Accepted Answer

Exam 11: Catabolism: Energy Release and Conservation

In higher eukaryotes,most aerobically generated ATP is produced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fatty acids are metabolized by the __________ pathway.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During breakdown of fatty acids,carbons are removed __________ at a time with each turn of the cycle,and two carbon units are released as __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nitrification of ammonia occurs when ammonia is first converted to nitrite and then is converted to nitrate by the nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true regarding ATP synthases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Metabolic pathways can be either catabolic or anabolic but not both.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When mitochondria pass electrons donated by NADH through the electron transport chain to molecular oxygen,a theoretical maximum of __________ molecules of ATP can be made per oxygen molecule reduced.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial electron transport chains may be comprised of fewer components and have lower P/O ratios than mitochondrial transport chains.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Large external polysaccharides are degraded by bacteria and archaea using ________ ________,which secrete these substances outside the cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi,when coupled with an exergonic chemical reaction is called __________ phosphorylation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The catabolism of glucose begins with one or more of the glycolytic pathways that yield pyruvate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms that directly reduce almost all of their pyruvate to lactate are called __________ fermenters.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many molecules of NADPH are needed to reduce one molecule of carbon dioxide to carbohydrate by oxygenic phototrophs during the dark reactions of photosynthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many molecules of ATP are needed to reduce one molecule of carbon dioxide to carbohydrate by oxygenic phototrophs during the dark reactions of photosynthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms that form lactate,ethanol,and CO2 as end products of glucose metabolism are called __________ fermenters.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reduction of nitrate to nitrite by Paracoccus denitrificans is an example of anaerobic respiration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The net gain of ATP per molecule of glucose metabolized anaerobically via the Embden-Meyerhoff pathway in prokaryotes is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The theoretical maximum net gain of ATP per molecule of glucose metabolized aerobically in eukaryotes is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All prokaryotic photosynthesizers are anoxygenic.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Very few gram positive bacteria utilize the Entner-Doudoroff glycolytic pathway.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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During breakdown of fatty acids,carbons are removed at a time with each turn of the cycle,and two carbon units are released as .

Correct Answer
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Large external polysaccharides are degraded by bacteria and archaea using ,which secrete these substances outside the cell.

Correct Answer
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Organisms that form lactate,ethanol,and CO₂ as end products of glucose metabolism are called __________ fermenters.

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