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Andy has a good relationship with his mother, father, and best friend, Sam. What are the common elements of each of these relationships?


A) Mutual understanding.
B) Giving and receiving support.
C) Valuing and enjoying being with one another.
D) All of these choices.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Studies of computer composites of faces show that


A) perfectly average is quite attractive.
B) perfectly average is quite unattractive.
C) modest caricatures of attractive features are quite unattractive.
D) None of these choices.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Small average differences between attractive and unattractive people in areas like self-confidence and social skills are probably the result of


A) self-fulfilling prophecies.
B) personality traits that are genetically linked with physical appearance.
C) psychological reactance to social expectations.
D) social and economic differences in family background.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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When Mita, Dermer, and Knight showed female students and their close friends photographs of the students and asked them to state their preferences among them, they found that the students themselves liked the _____ photographs best.


A) black-and-white
B) color
C) mirror-image
D) true-image

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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According to the research conducted by Murray and her colleagues at the University of Waterloo, which couple will be the happiest?


A) Sandra and Gary, who can clearly see one another's faults.
B) Laars and Michelle, who have positive illusions about each other.
C) Dorothy and Jacques, who have plenty of money and no children.
D) All of these couples will be unhappy.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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The preoccupied attachment style is also known as


A) avoidant.
B) dismissive.
C) fearful.
D) anxious-ambivalent.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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At a party a good host will introduce strangers by telling them each others' names and indicating something that they have in common. This demonstrates use of the


A) likeness-leads-to-liking phenomenon.
B) social facilitation effect.
C) differential sensibility phenomenon.
D) social exchange theory.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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In a recent experiment, researchers found that compared to students who engaged in 45 minutes of small talk, those engaged in 45 minutes of escalating self-disclosure felt ___________ at the end of the study.


A) vulnerable and exposed
B) isolated and lonely
C) dislike for their conversation partner
D) remarkably close to their conversation partner

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Elaine Hatfield and her coworkers matched University of Minnesota freshmen for a Welcome Week computer dance. When the students were asked to evaluate their dates, what determined whether they liked each other?


A) similarity of values
B) similarity of academic competence
C) physical attractiveness
D) common family background

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Feeling affection for those with whom our lives are deeply intertwined is called


A) companionate love.
B) storge.
C) secure attachment.
D) committed friendship.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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______ in one analysis of 166 cultures do have a concept of romantic love, as reflected in flirtation or couples running off together.


A) 25%
B) 89%
C) 102%
D) None of these choices

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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According to Elliot Aronson, "as a relationship ripens toward greater intimacy, what becomes increasingly important is


A) the absence of conflict."
B) consistent praise."
C) autonomy."
D) authenticity."

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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The owners of a new dating service for men and women want to avoid the superficiality of photographs and physical descriptions, and match people based only on their scores on personality and aptitude tests. Given your knowledge of predicting attraction, what do you advise?


A) The owners should make sure to use reliable measures of personality to match potential partners.
B) The owners should match people based on their incomes because people are attracted to similar others.
C) The owners should match people based on the subjects they study in school.
D) The owners should match people based on their attractiveness because people tend to pair off with equally attractive others.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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According to Zajonc's studies on the mere exposure effect,


A) novel stimuli are liked more after they have been repeatedly introduced.
B) novel stimuli elicit anxiety even when repeatedly introduced.
C) novel stimuli are always liked upon being introduced.
D) none of these choices.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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According to research about ____ in 10 infants, and ____________, exhibit secure attachment.


A) 7; nearly that many adults
B) 2; nearly that many adults
C) 5; nearly that many adults
D) None of the above

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Evolutionary psychology suggests that _______________ gain more access to females.


A) more passionate males
B) more intelligent males
C) more attractive males
D) physically dominant males

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Research by Aronson and Linder (1965) suggests that more often than not, we like people more if they


A) consistently evaluate us positively.
B) reverse an earlier criticism and come to evaluate us positively.
C) consistently give us ingratiating feedback.
D) consistently give us constructive criticism.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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According to research, ______________ is quite attractive, and what's attractive therefore feels ______________ than what atypical and unattractive.


A) perfectly average; more familiar
B) below average; more familiar
C) above average; more familiar
D) above average; less familiar

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Dutton and Aron had interviewers approach men crossing bridges in a scenic state park, ask them to complete questionnaires, and give them their phone numbers in case the men wanted to call them. Results showed that participants were most likely to call the interviewer if they had been interviewed by a


A) woman on a low, secure bridge.
B) woman on a high, wobbly bridge.
C) man on a low, secure bridge.
D) man on a high, wobbly bridge.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Anticipatory liking-expecting that someone will be pleasant and compatible-increases the chance of


A) becoming involved in an inequitable relationship.
B) a dysfunctional, co-dependent relationship.
C) being exploited in the early stages of a relationship.
D) a rewarding relationship.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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