Question 1

Each of the following affect cell walls except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   penicillin
B)   isoniazid
C)   vancomycin
D)   erythromycin
E)   cephalosporinF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 2

Polymyxin B is a large molecule with a hydrophobic tail that can disrupt phospholipids, making it particularly effective against ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   gram-negative cells since they have both an outer and inner membrane
B)   gram-positive cells since the peptidoglycan is easily dissolved by detergent-like molecules
C)   fungi since the drug can traverse the complex chitin cell wall to dissolve the cell membrane
D)   both gram-positive and gram-negative cells since they both have a membraneE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The use of vaginal inserts of Lactobacillus to restore healthy vaginal biota is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   prebiotics
B)   probiotics
C)   lantibiotics
D)   phytobiotics
E)   riboswitchesF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

The use of any chemical in the treatment, relief, or prophylaxis of a disease is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   prophylaxis
B)   chemotherapy
C)   selective toxicity
D)   nephrotoxicity
E)   synergismF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

A ratio of the dose of a drug that is toxic to humans versus the minimum effective dose for that pathogen is assessed to predict the potential for toxic drug reactions. This is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Kirby-Bauer
B)   antibiogram
C)   E-test
D)   MIC
E)   therapeutic index (TI) F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 6

The RN provides education to the patient and his mother regarding the diagnosis. Which of the following statements by the mother demonstrates a proper understanding of the teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)   My son has an extremely resistant form of MRSA causing his prolonged illness.
B)   My son developed simultaneous bacterial infections and his antibiotics were not treating his MRSA infection.
C)   My son developed a MRSA superinfection following suppression of normal resident species in his lungs by the antibiotics he was taking to treat his initial infection.
D)   My son has pneumonia caused by a virus.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Antiviral drugs that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   influenza A virus
B)   HIV
C)   herpes zoster virus
D)   respiratory syncytial virus
E)   hepatitis C virusF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 8

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobials include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   bacterial chromosomal mutations
B)   synthesis of enzymes that alter drug structure
C)   prevention of drug entry into the cell
D)   alteration of drug receptors on cell targets
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 9

Important characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   low toxicity for human tissues
B)   high toxicity against microbial cells
C)   do not cause serious side effects in humans
D)   stable and soluble in body tissues and fluids
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a probiotic?

Accepted Answer

A)   Penicillin
B)   Micafungin
C)   Yogurt
D)   FructansE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug, this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Bacteria can have a natural resistance to a drug that it has never been exposed to.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

An antibiotic of the penicillin family is amoxicillin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Indwelling catheter biofilm infections are more resistant to antibiotics than nonbiofilm infections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following block HIV binding to host cell receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)   AZT
B)   Acyclovir
C)   Nevirapine
D)   Fuzeon
E)   AmantidineF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 16

Polymyxin B and daptomycin are both narrow spectrum drugs that target the cell membrane. They differ in that polymyxin B is effective against gram-negative organisms since it disrupts both the inner and outer membranes whereas daptomycin integrates only into the gram-positive cell wall creating leakage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Biofilm infections are harder to treat than the same free-living organisms because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   when part of a biofilm community, the bacterial cells express different genes thus changing their antibiotic susceptibility
B)   bacteria in a biofilm exist only on synthetic surfaces such as catheters, so they cannot be treated with antibiotics
C)   the organisms in the biofilm degrade the antibiotics at a much faster rate than their free-living counterparts
D)   organisms in a biofilm develop antibiotic resistance more rapidly than free-living cellsE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Each of the following result in drug resistance except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   drug pumped out of the cell
B)   drug used as a nutrient by the cell
C)   drug binding site altered
D)   drug inactivated
E)   drug blocked from entering cellF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 19

A superinfection results from ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   buildup of a drug to toxic levels in the patient
B)   the wrong drug administered to the patient
C)   an immune system reaction to the drug
D)   decrease in the microbiota with overgrowth of an unaffected speciesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Which therapeutic index value would be the drug of choice?

Accepted Answer

A)   20
B)   10
C)   1
D)   0.1
E)   Any value would be equally effective.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Exam 10: Antimicrobial Treatment

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobials include ________.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The use of any chemical in the treatment, relief, or prophylaxis of a disease is called ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which therapeutic index value would be the drug of choice?

Correct Answer
verified

Each of the following result in drug resistance except ________.

Correct Answer
verified

A superinfection results from ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Antiviral drugs that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Indwelling catheter biofilm infections are more resistant to antibiotics than nonbiofilm infections.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of a probiotic?

Correct Answer
verified

Biofilm infections are harder to treat than the same free-living organisms because ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The RN provides education to the patient and his mother regarding the diagnosis. Which of the following statements by the mother demonstrates a proper understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer
verified

A ratio of the dose of a drug that is toxic to humans versus the minimum effective dose for that pathogen is assessed to predict the potential for toxic drug reactions. This is called the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Bacteria can have a natural resistance to a drug that it has never been exposed to.

Correct Answer
verified

An antibiotic of the penicillin family is amoxicillin.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following block HIV binding to host cell receptors?

Correct Answer
verified

The use of vaginal inserts of Lactobacillus to restore healthy vaginal biota is an example of ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Polymyxin B is a large molecule with a hydrophobic tail that can disrupt phospholipids, making it particularly effective against ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Each of the following affect cell walls except ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Important characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include ________.

Correct Answer
verified

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug, this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 10: Antimicrobial Treatment

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobials include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of any chemical in the treatment, relief, or prophylaxis of a disease is called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which therapeutic index value would be the drug of choice?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following result in drug resistance except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A superinfection results from ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antiviral drugs that target reverse transcriptase would be used to treat ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Indwelling catheter biofilm infections are more resistant to antibiotics than nonbiofilm infections.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of a probiotic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Biofilm infections are harder to treat than the same free-living organisms because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RN provides education to the patient and his mother regarding the diagnosis. Which of the following statements by the mother demonstrates a proper understanding of the teaching?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A ratio of the dose of a drug that is toxic to humans versus the minimum effective dose for that pathogen is assessed to predict the potential for toxic drug reactions. This is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria can have a natural resistance to a drug that it has never been exposed to.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An antibiotic of the penicillin family is amoxicillin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following block HIV binding to host cell receptors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of vaginal inserts of Lactobacillus to restore healthy vaginal biota is an example of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Polymyxin B is a large molecule with a hydrophobic tail that can disrupt phospholipids, making it particularly effective against ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following affect cell walls except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Important characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug, this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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