Question 1

Family is important to the socialization process because

Accepted Answer

A)   family members are what Mead called "significant others".
B)   families pass along to children social identity in terms of class, ethnicity, and religion.
C)   parents greatly affect a child's sense of self.
D)   All of the above are correct.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following statements linking nature and nurture is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)   For human beings, nurture is our nature.
B)   Humans have powerful instincts, the same as
C)   Nature is far more important than nurture.
D)   None of the above is correct.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Our basic drives or needs as humans are reflected in Freud's concept of

Accepted Answer

A)   id.
B)   ego.
C)   superego.
D)   generalized other.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Based on what you have read in this chapter, how would sociologists explain the fact that many young people in the United States experience adolescence as a time of confusion?

Accepted Answer

A)   The fact that, for most children, school involves large challenges.
B)   Hormones greatly affect young people as they mature.
C)   Growth always involves change and change is confusing.
D)   There are cultural inconsistencies in defining this stage of life as partly child-like and partly adult-like.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 5

According to research, the most significant factor in deciding if a person has reached adulthood is whether the young person

Accepted Answer

A)   has a full time job, with the ability to support a family.
B)   is married and has a child.
C)   has completed all schooling.
D)   is no longer living at home.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

The "ego" in Freud's work represents the human being's basic drives, which are unconscious and seek immediate satisfaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Critics of Erik H. Erikson's theory of personality point out that

Accepted Answer

A)   not everyone confronts stages in the exact order given be Erikson.
B)   failing to meet the challenge of one stage may not mean failing at later challenges.
C)   this process may unfold differently in other times and in different cultures.
D)   All of the above are correct.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Industrialization brings with it a rise in the social standing of old people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

An inmate in prison who loses the capacity for independent living is described as

Accepted Answer

A)   unsocialized.
B)   integrated.
C)   dissociated.
D)   institutionalized.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

The Harlows studied the effects of social isolation on rhesus monkeys and found that

Accepted Answer

A)   monkeys thrived in isolation, developing faster than monkeys living in a group.
B)   isolated monkeys able to cuddle artificial mothers showed no damage at all.
C)   even several years of social isolation produced no permanent damage in infant monkeys.
D)   monkeys isolated for as little as six months were permanently damaged.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Even during adolescence, the family continues to have a strong influence on children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

George Herbert Mead considered the self to be

Accepted Answer

A)   the presence of culture within the individual.
B)   the part of an individual's personality composed of self-awareness and self-image.
C)   present in infants at the time of their birth.
D)   basic drives that are self-centered.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 13

In Freud's model of personality, the ___________ represents the presence of culture within the individual.

Accepted Answer

A)   eros
B)   id
C)   ego
D)   superegoE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

The Harlows' research with rhesus monkeys, as well as cases of isolated children such as Anna, leads us to conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)   social isolation is harmful to monkeys but presents no danger to human children.
B)   long-term social isolation leads to permanent developmental damage in both monkeys and humans.
C)   even several months of social isolation is typically fatal to both monkeys and humans.
D)   both monkeys and humans "bounce back" from long-term isolation.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Lawrence Kohlberg claimed that individuals develop the capacity for moral reasoning in stages as they grow older.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Based on the text's survey of the life-course, you might conclude that life course stages

Accepted Answer

A)   are much the same throughout the world.
B)   are shaped by society and have nothing to do with biology.
C)   have changed little over recent centuries.
D)   are linked to biology, but they are mostly defined by society. (Applied;E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

What is the term sociologists give to a category of people with a common characteristic, usually their age?

Accepted Answer

A)   cohort
B)   generation
C)   age subculture
D)   age groupE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind

Accepted Answer

A)   trading self-centeredness for a focus on helping other people.
B)   imagining a situation from another person's point of view.
C)   recognizing that people around the world have different views of most situations.
D)   imagining a situation in terms of past experience.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 19

Melvin Kohn demonstrated that parents of all social classes have much the same expectations of their children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Erik H. Erikson emphasized that socialization takes across the life course.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 3: Socialization: From Infancy to Old Age

Critics of Erik H. Erikson's theory of personality point out that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Harlows' research with rhesus monkeys, as well as cases of isolated children such as Anna, leads us to conclude that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Even during adolescence, the family continues to have a strong influence on children.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Industrialization brings with it a rise in the social standing of old people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lawrence Kohlberg claimed that individuals develop the capacity for moral reasoning in stages as they grow older.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

George Herbert Mead considered the self to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An inmate in prison who loses the capacity for independent living is described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Harlows studied the effects of social isolation on rhesus monkeys and found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Erik H. Erikson emphasized that socialization takes across the life course.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on what you have read in this chapter, how would sociologists explain the fact that many young people in the United States experience adolescence as a time of confusion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the text's survey of the life-course, you might conclude that life course stages

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Melvin Kohn demonstrated that parents of all social classes have much the same expectations of their children.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Family is important to the socialization process because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research, the most significant factor in deciding if a person has reached adulthood is whether the young person

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the term sociologists give to a category of people with a common characteristic, usually their age?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Freud's model of personality, the ___________ represents the presence of culture within the individual.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Our basic drives or needs as humans are reflected in Freud's concept of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements linking nature and nurture is CORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "ego" in Freud's work represents the human being's basic drives, which are unconscious and seek immediate satisfaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By "taking the role of the other," Mead had in mind

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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