Question 1

Certain green leafy vegetables have a very low calcium bioavailability due to the presence of

Accepted Answer

A)  low calcium content.
B)  low vitamin D content.
C)  naturally occurring binders.
D)  high magnesium content, which lowers calcium absorption.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following represents the least likely cause for an abnormal blood calcium level?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diseases of the liver
B)  Diseases of the kidney
C)  Insufficient dietary intake
D)  Altered secretion of parathyroid hormoneE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

After age, what is the next strongest risk factor for osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sex
B)  Tobacco use
C)  Calcium intake
D)  Physical activity levelE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following minerals is involved in the transportation of lipids through the body's lymph and blood systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  Iron
B)  Sodium
C)  Calcium
D)  PhosphorusE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 5

On a per kcalorie basis, which of the following are the best sources of calcium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Meats
B)  Fruits
C)  Breads
D)  VegetablesE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Among the following ethnic groups, which has the highest bone density?

Accepted Answer

A)  Japanese
B)  Caucasian
C)  African-American
D)  South American HispanicE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

A friend shows you a newspaper article titled "Magnesium's Role in ATP Synthesis." You explain that

Accepted Answer

A)  magnesium does not play a role in ATP synthesis.
B)  it is not magnesium but manganese that plays the role in ATP synthesis.
C)  magnesium serves as a catalyst in the reaction that adds the last phosphate to ATP.
D)  there are three magnesium groups within the ATP structure that help it do its work.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following contributes most to the weight of the human body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Iron
B)  Water
C)  Protein
D)  CalciumE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

What percentage of hip fractures in men and women are due to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  40-50
B)  60-75
C)  80-90
D)  100E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

All of the following are characteristics of chloride in nutrition except

Accepted Answer

A)  deficiencies are extremely rare.
B)  intake is related, in large part, to sodium intake.
C)  it is necessary for maintaining electrolyte balance of body fluids.
D)  the recommended intake has recently been set at 10 mg/kg body weight.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 11

The outer, hard shell of bone is called

Accepted Answer

A)  cortical bone.
B)  dolomitic bone.
C)  trabecular bone.
D)  hydroxyl bone.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

What is a chief function of carbonic acid in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activates andiotensin
B)  Activates angiotensinogen
C)  Helps with gastric digestion
D)  Helps maintain acid-base balanceE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following is not a function of water in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lubricant
B)  Source of energy
C)  Maintains protein structure
D)  Participant in chemical reactionsE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

What is the calcium Recommended Dietary Allowance for young adults (19-30) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  500 mg
B)  800 mg
C)  1000 mg
D)  1500 mgE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

What is hydroxyapatite?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abnormal cellular structures seen in osteoporosis
B)  The calcium-rich crystalline structure of teeth and bones
C)  A calcium regulatory hormone secreted from the trabeculae region of bone
D)  A compound in plant foods that binds to calcium and phosphorus and inhibits absorptionE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is the primary function of potassium?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participates in wound healing
B)  Helps maintain gastric acidity
C)  Acts as principal intracellular electrolyte
D)  Protects bone structures against degenerationE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

What is calmodulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  A calcium-binding protein
B)  A drug that treats osteoporosis
C)  A calcium supplement with high bioavailability
D)  A form of calcium used in fortifying soy productsE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Approximately what percentage of the body's calcium is found in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  5
C)  15
D)  25E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

All of the following are characteristics of phosphorus in nutrition except

Accepted Answer

A)  high dietary intakes have no adverse effects.
B)  about 85% of the body's phosphorus is located in bones and teeth.
C)  the phosphoric acid in cola drinks has little effect on bone content.
D)  the ratio of phosphorus to calcium in the diet is important for bone maintenance.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  Processed foods
B)  Unprocessed foods
C)  Natural salt content of foods
D)  Salt added during cooking and at the tableE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Exam 12: Water and the Major Minerals

All of the following are characteristics of phosphorus in nutrition except

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Which of the following is not a function of water in the body?

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What is the greatest single source of sodium in the diet?

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Which of the following is the primary function of potassium?

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Which of the following contributes most to the weight of the human body?

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On a per kcalorie basis, which of the following are the best sources of calcium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the calcium Recommended Dietary Allowance for young adults (19-30) ?

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Certain green leafy vegetables have a very low calcium bioavailability due to the presence of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are characteristics of chloride in nutrition except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a chief function of carbonic acid in the body?

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A friend shows you a newspaper article titled "Magnesium's Role in ATP Synthesis." You explain that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The outer, hard shell of bone is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Among the following ethnic groups, which has the highest bone density?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately what percentage of the body's calcium is found in the blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of hip fractures in men and women are due to osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is hydroxyapatite?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is calmodulin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following represents the least likely cause for an abnormal blood calcium level?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After age, what is the next strongest risk factor for osteoporosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following minerals is involved in the transportation of lipids through the body's lymph and blood systems?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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