Question 1

To qualify for the office manager's job, 55-year-old Mariel must take a series of psychological tests. Her performance on the test of ________ is likely to be poorer than if she had taken it as a 25-year-old.

Accepted Answer

A)   general knowledge
B)   spelling
C)   abstract reasoning
D)   vocabularyE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

When highly skilled people are performing a task, their brains

Accepted Answer

A)   retrieve information from memory more quickly.
B)   register simple stimuli more quickly.
C)   use less energy to solve problems.
D)   do all of these things.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

If both depressed and nondepressed individuals receive similar scores on a diagnostic test for depression, it suggests that the test

Accepted Answer

A)   has not been standardized.
B)   is not valid.
C)   is not reliable.
D)   has not been factor-analyzed.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Twin and adoption studies are helpful for assessing the ________ of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)   validity
B)   reliability
C)   heritability
D)   standardizationE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Sorting children into gifted and nongifted educational groups

Accepted Answer

A)   creates a self-fulfilling prophecy.
B)   increases social isolation between the groups.
C)   promotes racial segregation and prejudice.
D)   has all of these effects.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Academic aptitude test scores are MOST likely to predict accurately the academic success of ________ students.

Accepted Answer

A)   elementary school
B)   high school
C)   college
D)   graduate schoolE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

A college administrator is trying to assess whether an admissions test accurately predicts how well applicants will perform at his school. The administrator is most obviously concerned that the test is

Accepted Answer

A)   standardized.
B)   valid.
C)   factor-analyzed.
D)   normally distributed.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Sorina has a mental age of 10 and an IQ of 125 as measured by the Stanford- Binet. Sorina's chronological age is

Accepted Answer

A)   6.
B)   8.
C)   9.
D)   10.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

When a person's test performance can be compared with that of a representative and pretested sample of people, the test is said to be

Accepted Answer

A)   reliable.
B)   standardized.
C)   valid.
D)   normally distributed.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

The eugenics movement would have been most likely to encourage

Accepted Answer

A)   selective breeding of highly intelligent people.
B)   creation of special education programs for intellectually inferior children.
C)   construction of culturally and racially unbiased tests of intelligence.
D)   use of factor analysis for identification of various types of intelligence.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The nineteenth-century English scientist Sir Francis Galton believed that

Accepted Answer

A)   mental abilities cannot be measured.
B)   superior intelligence is biologically inherited.
C)   academic aptitude involves divergent rather than convergent thinking.
D)   intelligence test performance depends on motivation rather than ability.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Researchers assess the correlation between scores obtained on alternate forms of the same test in order to measure the ________ of the test.

Accepted Answer

A)   content validity
B)   predictive validity
C)   normal distribution
D)   reliabilityE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Psychologists generally agree that intelligence test scores are ________ in terms of being sensitive to differences caused by cultural experiences and are ________ in terms of their predictive validity for different groups.

Accepted Answer

A)   biased; biased
B)   biased; not biased
C)   not biased; biased
D)   not biased; not biasedE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

A 6-year-old child has a mental age of 9. The child's IQ is

Accepted Answer

A)   96.
B)   100.
C)   125.
D)   150.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

The written exam for a driver's license would most likely be considered a(n)  ________ test.

Accepted Answer

A)   achievement
B)   reliability
C)   aptitude
D)   intelligenceE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Those who score above average on tests of mathematical aptitude are also likely to score above average on tests of verbal aptitude. According to Spearman, this best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   predictive validity.
B)   heritability.
C)   the g factor.
D)   reliability.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

The psychologist who has proposed that intelligence is composed of analytic, creative, and practical aspects is

Accepted Answer

A)   Charles Spearman.
B)   Howard Gardner.
C)   Robert Sternberg.
D)   Sandra Scarr.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is most likely to decrease with age?

Accepted Answer

A)   vocabulary
B)   accumulated knowledge
C)   speed of processing
D)   practical intelligenceE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Down syndrome is a disorder of varying severity caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   prenatal viral infections.
B)   parental neglect during infancy.
C)   an extra copy of chromosome 21.
D)   a lack of sufficient oxygen at the time of birth.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Psychologists use ________ to assess individuals' mental aptitudes and compare them with those of others.

Accepted Answer

A)   heritability estimates
B)   reliability coefficients
C)   intelligence tests
D)   the g factorE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 10: Thinking and Language

The written exam for a driver's license would most likely be considered a(n) ________ test.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A college administrator is trying to assess whether an admissions test accurately predicts how well applicants will perform at his school. The administrator is most obviously concerned that the test is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Down syndrome is a disorder of varying severity caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Academic aptitude test scores are MOST likely to predict accurately the academic success of ________ students.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers assess the correlation between scores obtained on alternate forms of the same test in order to measure the ________ of the test.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a person's test performance can be compared with that of a representative and pretested sample of people, the test is said to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Twin and adoption studies are helpful for assessing the ________ of intelligence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A 6-year-old child has a mental age of 9. The child's IQ is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When highly skilled people are performing a task, their brains

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nineteenth-century English scientist Sir Francis Galton believed that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To qualify for the office manager's job, 55-year-old Mariel must take a series of psychological tests. Her performance on the test of ________ is likely to be poorer than if she had taken it as a 25-year-old.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The psychologist who has proposed that intelligence is composed of analytic, creative, and practical aspects is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists generally agree that intelligence test scores are ________ in terms of being sensitive to differences caused by cultural experiences and are ________ in terms of their predictive validity for different groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The eugenics movement would have been most likely to encourage

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sorting children into gifted and nongifted educational groups

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Those who score above average on tests of mathematical aptitude are also likely to score above average on tests of verbal aptitude. According to Spearman, this best illustrates the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If both depressed and nondepressed individuals receive similar scores on a diagnostic test for depression, it suggests that the test

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely to decrease with age?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sorina has a mental age of 10 and an IQ of 125 as measured by the Stanford- Binet. Sorina's chronological age is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists use ________ to assess individuals' mental aptitudes and compare them with those of others.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Psychologists generally agree that intelligence test scores are in terms of being sensitive to differences caused by cultural experiences and are in terms of their predictive validity for different groups.

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