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Explain the principle of exception and describe how it can help in comparing performance with the standard.

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A control system cannot be effective without consideration of how people will react to it.

A) True
B) False

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True

A ratio of profit to capital used,or a rate of return from capital,is referred to as ____.


A) the debt-equity ratio
B) the leverage ratio
C) return on investment
D) net working capital
E) transfer price

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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One of the reasons standards are established is to set performance expectations.

A) True
B) False

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To be effective,control systems must:


A) keep performance standards flexible and easy.
B) focus on one-way top-down communication.
C) be acceptable to all stockholders.
D) use multiple control approaches.
E) centralize decision making.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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D

In contrast to bureaucratic controls,market controls involve the use of:


A) rules and regulations.
B) economic forces.
C) authority.
D) autocratic power.
E) norms.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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The profit and loss statement is an itemized financial statement of the income and expenses of a company's operations.

A) True
B) False

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The balance sheet shows the financial picture of a company over time.

A) True
B) False

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_____ budget is used for the cost of fixed assets,such as plants and equipment,that are usually treated not as regular expenses but as investments.


A) Master
B) Cash
C) Capital
D) Production
E) Sales

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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The activity-based costing system:


A) is more appropriate method of cost accounting for rigid hierarchical organizations.
B) effectively departmentalizes an organization based on its core functions such as human resources,purchasing,and maintenance.
C) provides a more accurate picture of how costs should be charged to products and services.
D) assumes that organizations are bureaucratic "machines" that can be separated into component functions.
E) fails to allocate costs across business processes and is less effective than traditional methods of cost accounting.

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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The effective use of clan control is associated with employee ____.


A) bureaucracy
B) manipulation
C) empowerment
D) dissatisfaction
E) unionization

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Personal observation involves going to the area where activities take place and watching what is occurring.

A) True
B) False

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External audits are generally used for:


A) assessing what the company has done for itself.
B) evaluating production efficiency.
C) evaluating sales effectiveness.
D) investigating possible targets for mergers or acquisitions.
E) assessing what the company has done for its customers.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Return on investment is a profitability ratio.

A) True
B) False

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Jeremy is in charge of production at Tech Farm Equipment.His job responsibilities include eliminating defects in the equipment parts the factory produces.However,he has advised his crew to alert him only when defects exceed 200 per million,which he considers a serious deviation from standards.In this case,Jeremy is using:


A) a management audit.
B) the principle of deviation.
C) clan control.
D) the principle of exception.
E) behavioral standards.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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An example of feedforward control is managers monitoring their distributors.

A) True
B) False

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Periodically assessing a company's own planning,organizing,leading,and controlling efforts is the essential function of ____.


A) strategic audits
B) feedforward control
C) feedback control
D) competitive audits
E) internal audits

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In contrast to market controls,bureaucratic controls involve the use of economic forces to regulate performance.

A) True
B) False

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On which of the following would Linda be working?


A) Balance sheet
B) Assets
C) Liabilities
D) Stockholders' equity
E) Profit and loss statement

F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

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A

A master budget includes every major activity of a business.

A) True
B) False

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