Question 1

The same people are retested over a long period in a ________ study.

Accepted Answer

A)   concrete operational
B)   longitudinal
C)   postconventional
D)   cross-sectionalE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

The egocentrism of preschoolers was most strongly emphasized by

Accepted Answer

A)   Harlow's attachment theory.
B)   Kohlberg's moral development theory.
C)   Piaget's cognitive development theory.
D)   Erikson's psychosocial development theory.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Insecurely attached infants are those who respond to their mothers with either

Accepted Answer

A)   generativity or stagnation.
B)   egocentrism or role confusion.
C)   assimilation or accommodation.
D)   anxiety or avoidance.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Piaget is to cognitive development as Erikson is to ________ development.

Accepted Answer

A)   moral
B)   physical
C)   emotional
D)   psychosocialE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Dr. Hermitt believes that children whose parents are not responsive to their needs during the first two months of life will never develop basic trust. Obviously, Dr. Hermitt believes that this developmental stage is a

Accepted Answer

A)   concrete operational stage.
B)   critical period.
C)   cognitive schema.
D)   teratogen.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Nageeb thought all nurses were young females until a middle-aged male nurse took care of him. Nageeb's altered conception of a "nurse" illustrates the process of

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation.
B)   assimilation.
C)   accommodation.
D)   attachment.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Erik Erikson suggested that a sense of basic trust during infancy results from

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation.
B)   object permanence.
C)   responsive parenting.
D)   inborn temperament.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Temperament is an individual's characteristic

Accepted Answer

A)   social connectedness.
B)   emotional reactivity.
C)   physical health.
D)   intelligence.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Marlys is a sensitive, responsive parent who consistently satisfies the needs of Sara, her infant daughter. According to Erikson, Sara is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   form a lifelong attitude of basic trust toward the world.
B)   encounter some difficulty in overcoming the limitation of egocentrism.
C)   encounter some difficulty in forming an attachment to her father.
D)   achieve formal operational intelligence more quickly than the average child.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Parents in Asian cultures are more likely than parents in Westernized cultures to encourage children to

Accepted Answer

A)   pick out and purchase their own clothes.
B)   participate in household activities.
C)   publicly protest repressive government policies.
D)   establish close friendships with ethnically diverse groups of people.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

A belief that adult personality is completely determined in early childhood would be most relevant to the issue of

Accepted Answer

A)   stability and change.
B)   objective permanence and stranger anxiety.
C)   conventional and postconventional morality.
D)   concrete and formal operations.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

Identical twins typically begin walking on nearly the same day. This best illustrates the importance of _______ to motor skills.

Accepted Answer

A)   responsive parenting
B)   maturation
C)   accommodation
D)   habituationE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Persistent exclusion from peer social relationships is most likely to increase teens' risk for

Accepted Answer

A)   imprinting.
B)   egocentrism.
C)   depression.
D)   habituation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Erikson suggested that the capacity to form close, loving relationships in young adulthood depended on

Accepted Answer

A)   demonstrating generativity.
B)   developing a sense of integrity.
C)   mastering formal operational thinking.
D)   achieving a sense of identity.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

To compare moral reasoning skills of younger and older children, Professor Hauten tested and retested a group of children from the time they were 4 until they reached the age of 12. The professor conducted a ________ study.

Accepted Answer

A)   longitudinal
B)   concrete operational
C)   preconventional
D)   cross-sectionalE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Physical exercise in late adulthood has been found to

Accepted Answer

A)   enhance muscle strength.
B)   help prevent heart disease.
C)   stimulate brain cell development.
D)   do all of these things.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

We refer to all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating as

Accepted Answer

A)   cognition.
B)   maturation.
C)   accommodation.
D)   habituation.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Simon Baron-Cohen believes males are more likely than females to develop ASD because

Accepted Answer

A)   they have lower-than-normal levels of male hormones.
B)   they are predisposed to be systemizers.
C)   they have higher-than-normal levels of female hormones.
D)   they are predisposed to be empathizers.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

Learning the rising or falling intonations of spoken language first begins during

Accepted Answer

A)   the concrete operational stage.
B)   the first week after birth.
C)   the preoperational stage.
D)   prenatal development.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Incorrectly assuming that something that is clearly understood by us will also be clearly understood by others illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   postconventional morality.
B)   the curse of knowledge.
C)   object permanence.
D)   habituation.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Exam 4: Developing Through the Life Span

The same people are retested over a long period in a ________ study.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Piaget is to cognitive development as Erikson is to ________ development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To compare moral reasoning skills of younger and older children, Professor Hauten tested and retested a group of children from the time they were 4 until they reached the age of 12. The professor conducted a ________ study.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Hermitt believes that children whose parents are not responsive to their needs during the first two months of life will never develop basic trust. Obviously, Dr. Hermitt believes that this developmental stage is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Incorrectly assuming that something that is clearly understood by us will also be clearly understood by others illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Simon Baron-Cohen believes males are more likely than females to develop ASD because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We refer to all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Persistent exclusion from peer social relationships is most likely to increase teens' risk for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Physical exercise in late adulthood has been found to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Erikson suggested that the capacity to form close, loving relationships in young adulthood depended on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Erik Erikson suggested that a sense of basic trust during infancy results from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identical twins typically begin walking on nearly the same day. This best illustrates the importance of _______ to motor skills.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Learning the rising or falling intonations of spoken language first begins during

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marlys is a sensitive, responsive parent who consistently satisfies the needs of Sara, her infant daughter. According to Erikson, Sara is likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parents in Asian cultures are more likely than parents in Westernized cultures to encourage children to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insecurely attached infants are those who respond to their mothers with either

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A belief that adult personality is completely determined in early childhood would be most relevant to the issue of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nageeb thought all nurses were young females until a middle-aged male nurse took care of him. Nageeb's altered conception of a "nurse" illustrates the process of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Temperament is an individual's characteristic

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The egocentrism of preschoolers was most strongly emphasized by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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